Análisis de esteganografía sobre el protocolo IPv6 como alternativa para una comunicación segura de datos.

Abstract

The present research work had as objective to design a stenographic mechanism in the IPv6 protocol. An analysis of its architecture and its characteristics was carried out to stablish an encrypted communication, until reach to the deployment of two tests scenarios where the mechanism was implemented and its functionality was validated. An experimental and applicative kind of researching was used; through simulation tools like GNS3, VIRTUALBOX and KALI-LINUX with the application WIRESHARK; two scenarios which proved the use and application of the DNS and SIP protocols using IPV6 in the network layer were implemented. It was seized two of the characteristics that the protocol has; the auto configuration capacity of the portion of the interface ID (aleatory of 64 bits and EUI-64) with a mask /64 and the great amount of possible directions. Then a steganogram in the unicast global direction of the emitters was designed, which made it easy the incrustation of hidden messages between two or more nodes. For the evaluation of the mechanism the stenographic capacity parameters, the detectability probability, the stenographic cost and sturdiness were considered. The hypothesis test of this researching considered the detectability probability like a suitable variable, on which, the decision criteria was based. It was used the statistic distribution T-student for the demonstration of the hypothesis raised and it was concluded that “there is statistic evidence that the proportion of directions IPv6 used in the steganogram mechanism have a detection probability less than 50% with a level of significance of the 5%. Finally, it was presented a stenographic mechanism, which used the substitution technique based on the paradigm “Modify with caution” in the directions IPv6 with a maximum capacity of 1792 characters using 256 directions.