Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de agua residual en la parroquia San Isidro, cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

A wastewater treatment plant was designed for the San Isidro parish of the Guano canton, which meets all the technical specifications and allows to reduce the contaminants present in the water up to ranges that are within the limits established by Ministerial Agreement 097-To reform of the TULSMA. To do this, he proceeded to determine the flow generated by the inhabitants of the parish and at the same time a sampling of the effluent was carried out, which allowed to know the parameters outside the norm through an initial characterization, among them are: Color (1230 Upt-co), Turbidity (128 UNT), BOD5 (326 mgO2/L), COD (858 mg/L), Total suspended solids (402 mg/L) and fecal coliforms (10600 CFU/100mL). Once this determination was carried out, it could be known that due to the characteristics of the effluent, the treatment to be applied was of a physical-chemical nature. For this, pilot tests of treatability were carried out, such as: sedimentation, aeration of the sample, coagulation-flocculation, and filtration; trials that helped to reduce concentrations of contaminants to ranges that are within the environmental regulations, which are: Color (1.4 Upt-co), Turbidity (1.5 UNT), BOD5 (12 mgO2/L), COD (36 mg/L), suspended solids (7 mg/L) and fecal coliforms (2 CFU/100mL). After the experimentation stage, the treatment plant was sized with each of its treatment units by engineering calculations, which are: grids, inlet channel, settler, aeration tower, Parshall channel, horizontal flocculator, sand filter and gravel, and the drying bed. All these processes corroborate so that the implementation of this system of sanitation is of great utility in the conservation of the flora and fauna present in the parish, thus helping to dispel the environmental impacts that are generated day by day and that flow into the river Guano.