Diseño de un proceso a escala industrial para la obtención de un fertilizante biodegradable a partir del lactosuero.

Abstract

Desing of n industrial scale process to obtain a biodegradable fertilizer from whey, the Project was developed at the San Jose cheese production plant locales in Chambo Canton in the province of Chimborazo. Lactoserum nutrients are used as a by product of cheese production and given a parctical use as a problema for the environment. For this purpose, the raw material was selected by means of physical-chemical and microbiological characterization test of whey, according to the norm NTE INEN 2594:2011 for whey in the liquid, the variables were identified and the process for obtaining the biodegradable fertilizer was determined to industrial scale, the desing of the process was base don the realization of calculations of Engineering of unit operations for the desing of industrial equipment, for its development were used techniques base don experimental test though anaerobic fermentation processes inside a home bioreactor built with a plastic container of 20 liters with hermetic lid, hose, a bottle, silicone and wire. Seeking to maintain the optimal conditions for the development of lactic microorganisms and to favor the efficiency of the process. The results of the product obtained were analyzed by a laboratory “CESAL” which reported (Nitrogen 0.57%, Phosphorus 0.59%, Potassium 0.43%) which are within the norm NTE INEN 0211 for the determination of a fertilizer. We conclude that from tha lactoserum anf through a process of lactic biofermentation can be obtained an economic functional biofertilizer and friendly with the environment. Fort he realization it is advisable in each stage precaution in the manipulation of the equipment of fermentation, cleaning in each stage thus to avoid cross-contamination of the product, in order to improve the performance, it is necessary the constant use of the product in order to obtain better results.