Estudio y análisis de las emisiones de No2 generadas por el campo automotor en el sector del Terminal Terrestre de la ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the emissions of Nitrogen Dioxide, generated by the automotive field in the bus station area of the city of Riobamba during the second quarter of 2016. The study area was the bus station of the city of Riobamba and its surroundings, due to its great vehicular flow. Sampling tubes were used that were placed in the poles 3 meters above the ground, the points were selected applying the technique of simple random sampling. The sampling tubes are responsible for collecting Nitrogen Dioxide emitted by the vehicles that transit through the locality. After removing the samplers, they were taken to the laboratory to be colored and then placed in the spectrophotometer to calculate their absorbance and therefore to find the concentration of Nitrogen Dioxide present in the samples. The results obtained from the study show values of 215,3060451µg/m³, 206,2802582 µg/m³, 182,1567912 µg/m³ and 187,0799478µg/m³, which exceed the limit allowed by the standard for Nitrogen Oxides, which is 150 µg/m³ per day according to the TULSMA book VI Annex 4 Air Quality. The vehicle flow was analyzed with Vissim PTV vehicle simulation software and the results were plotted on a map to identify the areas with the highest emission index of Nitrogen Dioxide. It is concluded that during the second quarter of 2016, Nitrogen Dioxide values exceeded the permitted limit, since in the study zone there is a continuous vehicular flow, causing the vehicles to tend to make stops and sudden starts by the presence of other vehicles, emitting more gases to the environment. It is recommended to extend the monitoring to one year to obtain results more precise than those found in this study.