Análisis microbiológico de las aguas termales en la comunidad Cunuyacu ubicado en la parroquia Pastocalle perteneciente a la provincia de Cotopaxi.

Abstract

The aim of the present reserch work is specific the kind of existing microbiota and its profile of resistance to various antibiotics that have the Cunuyacu thermal waters in the Province of Cotopaxi. It was realized a physicochemical analysis in situ, which determines the pH and the temperature, microbiogic analysis, by planting in Petrifilm plate system for aerobic mesophilic, Escherichia coli and coliformes, Staphylococcus aureus, molds and yeasts, then it was proceeded to recount, macroscopic description and selection of the most representative colonies. It was achieved to obtain clones of pure strains, using the planting system by depletion and chimes in agar Mueller Hinton, the isolated bacteria were identified through Gram staining and biochemical specific tests, the antibiogram was carried out with diffusion in agar method. The thermal waters Cunuyacu were located like hypothermal and slightly acid, it was existed the presence of Escherichia coli and significantly and the prevalence of Gram positive cocci. It was isolated 106 bacterial strains, which were identified 25 corresponding to the species of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprofiticus, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Pseudomonas spp, Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus spp. The antibiogram for Gram positive cocci case shown the sensibility to the nitrofurantoin and resistance to the majority of antibiotics. Isolated Gram negative bacillus clones are sensitive to ciprofloxacin and streptomycin, most of which have bacterial resistance such as carbenicillin showing resistance in all of their isolated clones. The Gram positive bacillus shown the resistance for the ampicillin, amoxicillin more acid clavulanic,ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, cephalothin, oxacillin, penicillin, tetracycline and vancomycin. In conclusion these thermal waters are not a health risk, for people who visit this place, however, measures must be taken to avoid or reduce water pollution.