Diseño y construcción de un molde de inyección para obtener el lateral de un asiento para autobús a escala.

Abstract

The Ecuadorian industry of injection mold construction generally uses the trial and error method, generating re-machining and increasing the cost of the final product. An injection mold for polymers was designed and built applying methodologies according to DIN 16750 (to determine the type of mold and selection of standard elements) and the use of CAD (computer assisted design), CAE (computer aided engineering) and CAM (computer assisted manufacturing) technologies. The fundamental parameters of the injection were studied by performing an analysis and the simulation of filling of the cavity considering the filling pressure, then based on the analyzes were dimensioned and selected the constitutive standard elements of the mold using materials with the best mechanical characteristics that resist the injection process. A final revision of the dimensioning of the mold was carried out with the elaboration of the elements and the machining strategies for the construction of the different elements of the mold. Finally, the injection test were performed to obtain the product, by means of the data obtained from the filling pressure factors, temperature, cycle time and injection volume, where the parameters observed were adequate, and there was a minimum variation of the parameters previously mentioned. A theoretical experimental comparison was generated, where can be concluded that the data obtained in the software are of high reliability with a minimum of error, offering a high reliability in the design and construction of molds applied to the industry, avoiding the use of the trial and error method. This guarantees the saving of time, raw material, labor and other factors involved in obtaining the mold and the production of the product, resulting in a final product of high quality and low cost.