Diseño e implementación de una planta (prototipo) de tratamiento de agua potable tipo paquete para los pozos uno y dos de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo.

Abstract

It was designed a groundwater treatment plant to the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo from 1 and 2 wells. It began the analysis of water based on the physical-chemical and microbiological characterization, using the methods set out in the Standard Manual Methods for quality control of water and the spectrophotometer HACH DR 2800 and 2400. The experimental process of purification was carried out on a prototype plant, in which was carried out, the filtration with cationic resin, which increases its efficiency and time of life when it activates with 10 ml of sodium chloride solution to 10%, for 20 minutes and then the washing for 15 min., decreasing the hardness with the 65, 59 % of efficiency and a greater time of life. Then the chlorination where it was found that with two drops of chlorine (0.1 mL of born to 10%) was obtained after 30 minutes of action , an amount of residual chlorine of 0.55 ppm, establishing that in this way the concentration of microorganisms was destroyed and it remained 0.55 ppm of chlorine. In conclusion it was determined that the water from ESPOCH is unfit for human consumption, because it has a high rate of hardness of 558mg/L. So, through the process of softening using filters with cationic resin decreased the concentration of Ca and Mg to 192, 0 mg/L, taking a total removal average of 65, 59% controlling the parameter of the hardness, giving as a result a suitable water for consumption according to the Standard NTE INEN 1108 2006 and its reform INEN 1108 2011. It is recommended to apply this treatment system to improved water supply and sanitation, parameters of hardness, alkalinity and fluorides are very sensitive, so it must carry a continuous control of the process.