Caracterización y evaluación de bacterias para producción de bioplástico de origen microbiano utilizando como sustrato agua residual de la industria lactea, 2015

Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are bioplastics synthesized by some bacteria as reserve of carbon and energy. This research analyzed the production of biopolymer stabilized by 52 clones from dairy wastewater, as well as production of Exopolymers, tolerance to saline environments, growth in acidic media, resistance to heavy metals and enzyme production. The clone choice was performed under two criteria, clones of group A (21 clones) were obtained from specific means in order to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (ADP) considering their growth and macroscopic characteristics, whereas clones of group B (31 clones) were obtained from samples subjected to cooling, these were not fermenters of lactose, positive oxidase. The analysis of polyhydroxyalkanoates production was performed using different substrates and stress conditions by staining with Sudan Black and infrared spectroscopy processed with Fourier. The results showed that none of the isolated clones was able to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates, however, they were able to produce exopolymers, tolerate concentrations between 5 and 7.5 % of sodium chloride, adapted to cadmium and lead in higher concentrations to 50mg/ml, and mercury, arsenic and copper concentrations between 5-50 mg/ml; 16.13% of clones from group B was tolerant to acidic pH, so most group B clones were capable of producing lipases and proteases, while a 14.29% from group A synthesized amylases. During the research it concludes that the cooling of samples helped to select clones with higher suit on hostile environments, that is why it recommends further research on the topic, as well as related to the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates, considering new local study whose results can provide mechanisms of environmentally sustainable production.