Producción, caracterización y evaluación del biol de la EMMAIPC-EP, Cañar, a partir de residuos orgánicos urbanos, en pastizales ganaderos

Abstract

The goal of this research was to analyze the qualities of biol in order to apply by means of a field test in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Physical, biochemical and microbiological analyses were carried out. During the microbiological characterization of biol Clostridium perfringens was identified, whose presence limits the possibility of becoming a fertilizer suitable for the agricultural sector. In order to correct this microbial problem four techniques were evaluated: thermal treatment (121 ° C), biological treatment (Trichoderma sp. and essential oils) chemical treatment (acetic acid, citric acid and sulphuric acid 0,25 M) and filtration treatment (Filter Millipore 0,22 µm); considering the facility of execution, the use of equipment and manual workmanship of the operator. The best alternative to eliminate the contamination by Clostridium perfringens, was the thermal treatment, for presenting efficient results as for the elimination of the pathogenic one and the economic cost; which allowed its application in the alfalfares in the field to verify its kindness like biofertilizer, in concentrations of 600, 800 and 1000 L.ha-1, corrosive effects were brought in the sheets of the plant, with the coloration of brown tone, typical of this type of burns. It is concluded, that the product in its current condition is not suitable for agriculture and it is recommended the correction of the system of production for the Empresa Pública Municipal Mancomunada de Aseo Integral del Pueblo Cañari (EMMAIPC-EP), to obtain a product that guarantees the healthiness and applicability of biol.