Diseño de un Sistema de Tratamiento de agua potable para la parroquia de Vinchoa del cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar.

Abstract

It was held the design of a treatment system of potable water, in the Parish of Vinchoa, canton Guaranda, Province of Bolívar, to provide water in optimal conditions, with coverage and provision for 1,200 families, improving the quality of life of its population. For the development of this research was performed characterization tests; Physical-chemical and microbiological, of the water samples taken from the point of capture, the supply tank and the taps of some homes for 5 days for 3 weeks. Parameters are obtained outside the maximum permissible levels reported in the Mandatory water quality standard NTE INEN 1108: 2006 second revision, using standardized methods for analyzing drinking water, wastewater and Methods Manual HACH, It was found high concentrations of iron, turbidity, color, total Coliforms and fecal coliforms. Through the test of jars used for proper dosing: Aluminiurn Polychloride coagulant (PAC), ion auxiliary CHEMFLOC, calcium hypochlorite (HTH). Using portable equipment and materials that simulate the operation of the plant which was carried out in laboratory of CHAQUISHCA of the Municipal Potable Water and Sewage of the city of Guaranda EP-EMAPAG. So it was implemented, a plant that has 2 towers aeration with 6 trays each tower, coagulant dosage, Flocculator horizontal flow of 18m long, 3m wide and 1rn deep, Settlers Laminar 8rn in length, 4m wide and 2,500rn deep, 2 slow sand filters and gravel than 7m long, 3m wide C / U and 3.28m deep with water collection system; and, disinfection using HTH, for a projected useful life of the plant 15 years reflecting future treatment flow of 22,000 L / s supply coverage for 8648 inhabitants. Removal percentages were obtained for turbidity of 99.38% for iron of a 92.500% for color of a 81.48% for fecal coliforms than 99% and for total coliforms decreased by 99%, thus meeting the parameters of the Mandatory Standard water quality NTE ÍNEN 1108: 2006 second review. It is recommended that the Autonomous and Decentralized Government of the city of Guaranda start the operation of the system of potable water to the parish of Vinchoa, providing quality water and optimal conditions for its population.