Diseño y construcción de un equipo para la reducción de tamaño de los residuos de poda de la ESPOCH.

Abstract

The design and construction of a crushed prunning waste equipment was made for the use of crushed material in biocompost and minimization of environmental impacts caused by a bad final disposal. For the equipment design, we proceeded to divide the institution to be studied (ESPOCH) in 7 areas depending on the distance traveled by the maintenance staff, of wich one was ident ified and samples of species collected in each area, same allowing to characterize the waste to be processed on the equipment as it relates to moisture. Then from the total species collected a statistical method was applied wich allowed to identify the rep resentative samples for hardness tests. On the other hand, production data by weight was collected that generates each area and the respective diameters of cut branches which identified the entry conditions to which the equipment will be exposed. Subsequen tly, all design and operational variables were reviewed that allowed to choose for the best estimate for power, torque, maximum diameter of entry into the lateral canal, upper hopper volume, crusher equipment required for fundamental parts to achieve a cru shing high performance according to the needs arising from the beginning. As a result gets an equipment with a percent yield of 92% which characteristics contain a 13HP engine, torque of 25 Nm, tova volume of 0,06 m 3 , lateral canal with diameter of 3 inche s, with a crushing system containing 20 hammers and two knives which rotate at a linear speed of 56,55 m/s and with a capacity of 1 ton per hour. It concludes that the product obtained can be used as raw materials for compost, recommending that the equipme nt is part of the first stage of the main line in the production of biomass obtained in the compost.