Rediseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para EP-Empresa Municipal de agua potable y alcantarillado de la ciudad de Guaranda.

Abstract

Was redesigned the wastewater treatment plant in Marcopamba at San Pedro in Guaranda city of Bolivar province. To avoid increasing the unhealthy conditions of citizens who live near or at the expense of source pollutants and ensure harmony between the environment and humans. The superficial assess of a plant that is not currently working and which discharges to Guaranda River have not been unpolluted, physical, chemical and biological characterization was performed for 15 days in the laboratory quality control system of potable water CHAQUISHCA, in Guaranda Canton. Was collected 250 mL of wastewater and applying the techniques of HACH methods (manual of water treatment), find out that the barium, total nitrogen, DBO5 (biochemical Oxygen Demand for 5 days), DQO (chemical oxygen demand) and fecal coliforms are outside from the TULAS Standard (unified text of the Secondary Environmental Legislation). With these results apply the jar test, which provides the necessary dosages of PAC (poly aluminum chloride), CHEFLOM and lime substances. The processes of the treatment plant have serious drawbacks; starting from the grids, whose continuous bindings have reduced efficiency; in the settler and the sand remover, the flow of the plant is not fully covered. The redesigning of the plant is to acquire a new grid system that will retain a 95% of solids; the settler and the sand remover will be extended to provide a 90% flow decreasing the formation of heavy deposits; filtration and biological oxidation, will decrease pollutants hydrological source in 85% reusing as irrigation water to agricultural productivity. Applying this redesign throughout wastewater treatment plant, significantly change the quality of life for people. Thus is recommended to apply and implement wastewater treatments systems that will improve in 100% to the balance of the whole environment.