Diseño, construcción e implementacíon de un sistema de control electrónico de emisiones para un vehículo alimentado por carburador.

Abstract

With the development of this Project, all the knowledge acquired at the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo can be applied, studies carried out at the career of Automotive Engineering, form professionals whit a scientific, ethical and moral knowledge contributing to the country development. The purpose of this research work is to implement an electronic system for vehicles of pollution control devices and to achieve carburetor fed by decreasing content of toxic gases emitted, due to, their limited technology. The knowledge deserves the type of contaminating gases emitted for this kind of cars, and also the standards which control the level of emissions and maximum values allowed. The study of the new technologies which incorporate electronic injection fueled vehicles, are used as the basis for the selection of different pollution control devices, such as the catalyst, EGR, canister, oxygen sensor and electronic components deployed in this project; these devices perform the function of treating escape gases before they are discharged into the atmosphere. To control the operation of the systems antipollution an electronic control system is designed, which makes the function of modern computers which incorporate existing vehicles. The need to perform this implement is because about 30% of the total vehicles in the execution place are running carburetor. By means of measurements taken before, during and after the implement of pollution control devices and the control system, a reduction of about 74% carbon monoxide, 65% oil and 4% carbon dioxide are obtained. These results contribute to the efforts of local governments in order to preserve the environment due to the climatic changes experienced by the planet because of the harmful gases these sources emit.