Diseño y Construcción de un Equipo Semiautomático de Descarga de Líquidos por Orificios para la Determinación de la Velocidad de Salida

Abstract

Design and Construction of a Semiautomatic Liquid Discharge Equipment for the Determination of the Outlet Velocity for the Unit Operations Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. The analytical method allowed to perform the chemical analysis of the water of the Unit Operations Laboratory for the selection of the material taking as reference the NTE 974, 973 and 972, to determine the equations to calculate the exit velocity, to obtain experimental data and process variables through laboratory tests of Liquid Discharge through Orifices for the correct design and construction; the equipment is made of stainless steel AISI 304, with a cylinder that has in its front part three orifices of different geometries, a reservoir tank, a recirculation pump, pipes and valves of passage. The discharge volume through the orifice is approximately 4L, with a maximum discharge time of 230s, obtaining a real speed based on the height of 2.49m/s and a real speed based on the orifice of 2.47m/s; it also presents an equipment performance of 95% and an efficiency of 85%, this value was given by the construction proposals of the equipment with adequate materials and specifications, resources used in the project and the achievements obtained with the same. It is concluded that the equipment in the Unit Operations Laboratory will contribute to the theoretical and practical development of students in both current engineering and professional competencies. It is recommended to follow the equipment's procedure manual to avoid damage during handling and errors in data collection.