Aprovechamiento energético de biomasa mediante gasificación para generación de energía eléctrica en la Empresa Arrocera El Rey S.A.

Abstract

Technological advances require research into new technologies that help to improve society, the environment and academia. One of the major problems of today's society is the energy dependence on traditional fossil fuels (coal, natural gas and oil), these energy sources generate a negative impact on health and the environment. That is why the objective of this work was to take advantage of biomass energy by gasification for electric power generation in the company Arrocera El Rey S.A. Using the necessary methodologies for the physical and chemical characterization of rice husks, also for the mathematical model developed for the energy use by biomass gasification, comparing to see which one is better adapted as a gasifier model, so that it can later be implemented in a model of an electric power generation plant. In addition, a bibliographic search was carried out to collect published experimental data on fixed-bed and downdraft gasifiers using different biomasses and gasifying agents. As a result, the proposed mathematical model was validated through the EES software and by comparison with similar models with different biomasses, finding a percentage error of 5%, and the economic validation of the process, the model proposes a 10% reduction of the company's electric energy payment for the transformation of biomass into energy, which gives a residual economic value. Concluding that the biomass was energetically exploited through a gasification process in a fixed bed downdraft gasifier in which a gas mixture of H2, N2, O2,CH4, CO and CO2 was obtained, for the generation of energy for the company Arrocera El Rey S.A. Recommending to continue carrying out the development of new research projects such as the applicability of biomass gasification residues.