Implementación de un prototipo de línea de ensamble de partes plásticas basado en un sistema robótico cartesiano

Abstract

The main purpose of this research is the creation and implementation of a prototype assembly line for plastic parts, with the use of a Cartesian robotic system. The research started from a bibliographic study for the determination of parameters in a plastic parts assembly line. The SolidWorks tool is essential to model, design and analyze the structure of the prototype, which allowed its validation in an efficient and accurate way. An Arduino MEGA board was employed as the prototype's microcontroller, as well as stepper motors, drivers and sensors to generate the Cartesian robot's movement. Afterwards Arduino IDE and Visual Studio 2022 software were essential to algorithmically code and create the graphical interface of the prototype. The tangible result of this research is a successful prototype plastic parts assembly line based on a Cartesian robotic system, achieving 92% assembly efficiency through rigorous functionality testing. The assembly time ranges from 4.19 to 4.34 minutes, this time difference is due to the stacking of Arduino boards on the assembly line. In addition, an efficient power consumption of 144 W was demonstrated, thus consolidating its accuracy and effectiveness in the assembly process. It is concluded that the implemented system manages to recreate the operational conditions of a plastic parts assembly line, thus providing an effective means to carry out tests and validations. It is suggested for future research projects that this process be taken into a fundamental consideration and integrated into the planning and development of complex production lines.