Desarrollo de una planta de laboratorio para el control de procesos térmicos, de velocidad, posición y desplazamiento angular utilizando controladores de 32 bits.

Abstract

This curricular integration research project aimed to design a laboratory plant to control thermal processes, speed, position, and angular displacement using 32-bit controllers. Theoretical methods were employed to provide the necessary conceptual foundation and empirical methods to validate and evaluate the functionality of the work. The laboratory plant consists of four stages: the acquisition stage, which includes sensors; the communication stage, implemented ESP32 development board; the control and visualization stage, consisting of LabVIEW programs specific to each experiment; and the actuator stage, where commands sent by the development board are executed where the actuators include a DC motor, a stepper motor, and a high-power LED light. From the tests conducted, it was determined that the maximum relative error provided by the DS18B20 temperature sensor is 2.44%, indicating that the data collection performed by this sensor is of high quality. In the repeatability test in the communication between the stages of acquisition, communication and control, and visualization and actuator stage in each of the conducted experiments, a coefficient of variation of 0% was determined, which indicates data stability, confirming that each experiment was carried out correctly and reliably. Regarding the power supply, it was verified that the PLCP has a real energy consumption of 1876.12 mA in its maximum active state and 266.63 mA in its minimum active state, attributed to the various actuators used in each experiment. It is highly recommended to read the user manual before using the laboratory plant, as each process has different characteristics and operational modes specific to each experiment.