Diseño e implementación de un sistema de ventilación de variables climáticas para un invernadero, basado en la web para la Estación Experimental Tunshi.

Abstract

This curricular integration research project aimed to design and implement a manual and automatic control system capable of supervising the climatic variables temperature and humidity in an experimental tomato greenhouse at the Tunshi Experimental Station, located at the Escuela Superior Politécnica of Chimborazo. The system sends the data to a web-based cloud and receives information on weather conditions through a WiFi connection using four sensors installed in the greenhouse. This data is retrieved in real-time and stored in a Firebase database to be graphed and displayed through ThingSpeak. The automatic control system is on/off type, and its control variable is temperature, which can be set according to expert criteria to maintain appropriate climatic conditions for crops in greenhouses. To do this, the greenhouse has curtains installed that can be opened or closed to adjust the temperature according to the established ranges. Furthermore, a manual system is also available so that the system operator can open or close the curtains independently. In addition, the system has remote climate control enabled. When the system detects the required temperature, it is activated through the GreenHouse app. Testing determined that there was 100% integrity of information in the data sent and an absolute error of 1.168% for temperature and 1.563% for humidity. As this is higher than 1% and less than 5%, the validity of the data collected is within the acceptable range for this type of process. Therefore, it was concluded that the sensors are capable of measuring within the expected ranges, both for temperature and humidity, and thus it was concluded that the system is able to control a greenhouse microclimate adequately.