Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales generadas en la industria “Lácteos del Valle”, en el cantón Chaco – provincia de Napo

Abstract

This technical project consisted of designing a wastewater treatment system for the Dairy Industry of the Valley, since these effluents are discharged directly into a freshwater body, in this case the Quijos River. For the development of this study, we proceeded with the collection of composite samples for physicochemical and microbiological characterization, in which we identified parameters such as: Oils and fats, COD, BOD, suspended solids, total solids, total nitrogen and fecal coliforms that are outside the permissible limits of the Environmental Quality Standard ; therefore, a treatment system was proposed based on the biodegradability index which is 0.59, opting for a physicochemical treatment, for which aeration at 1-hour intervals for 2 days, as well as coagulation with PAC at 150 ppm and anionic flocculant at 6 ppm and sedimentation for 1 hour were carried out. Once the design variables were identified, it was determined that the sizing of the system according to the treatments carried out would consist of the following processes: a manual grid system, a grease trap, an aeration tank, a coagulator-flocculator, a settling tank followed by a filter. This proposed design was validated through the final characterization of the treated water based on the Environmental Quality Standard and Effluent Discharge to Water Resources. In this study, it is recommended to implement the proposed treatment system for the Plant in order to minimize the environmental impact of the community's water resources.