Diseño e implementación de un tren motriz eléctrico para un prototipo de bajo consumo

Abstract

This project was based on designing and implementing an electric powertrain for a low consumption prototype, defining design variables and guaranteeing a functional, reliable and environmentally friendly prototype. Therefore, for the selection of the different equipment and components that make up the electric powertrain, the corrected ordinal method technique of weighted criteria was applied, obtaining as results: the Kunray 48V 1000W motor with 38,9%, a battery pack Powerhobby (6S LiPo Battery, EC5 Plug 6 Cells) with a valuation of 44,8%, for each of these components three possible options were taken. Supporting the results obtained previously, Mathematical calculations were carried out which provide real data that corroborates that the powertrain will work correctly. After the installation of the equipment, the experimental tests were carried out and the following results were obtained in the first practices carried out with a track at a level of 0 degrees and with a constant acceleration, it was determined by linear regression that the prototype covers 36,5 km for each kW.h, in the second test with an acceleration and braking strategy with a track at a level of 2 degrees, it was determined by linear regression that the prototype reached a distance of 43,3 km for each kW.h. By analyzing these results and using the distance and energy graphs, we obtained favorable data to apply acceleration and braking condition. It is concluded that at a constant acceleration the performance is higher by reducing the current variants at each change of acceleration, when the travel is intermittent current consumption increases for moments reducing the battery capacity. It is recommended that the battery bank should be protected from discharges as well as from the humid environment and rain.