Diseño y construcción de un sistema semiautomático para el accionamiento de una prensa hidráulica a fin de realizar ensayos de doblado en juntas soldadas

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to design and construct a semi-automatic system for actuating the hydraulic press in the Mechanical Engineering Department to perform bending tests on welded joints. The project began with gathering information through the analysis of reliable bibliographic sources. With all the collected data, a study was carried out using the VDI2225 standard to find an optimal solution for the requirements of hydraulic systems. Elements such as the pump, motor, and directional valve, among others, were selected, and other components, such as the hydraulic cylinder, were modified to achieve dual actuation of the hydraulic actuator. The bending equipment (punch and die) and the hydraulic power unit were constructed according to the dimensions specified in the AWS D1.1 and AWS B4.0 standards for the bending specimens to be evaluated using welding procedures on butt joints. Similarly, procedure qualification records (PQR) were carried out following the AWS D1.1 standard. Finally, the proper functioning of the selected and constructed elements was verified to validate the design, the construction of the hydraulic system, and the welding procedure. Bending tests were performed on half-inch thick specimens made of ASTM A36 material. Lastly, a cost analysis was conducted, which helped conclude that all the initially set objectives were achieved.