Diseño y construcción de una estación meteorológica autónoma e inalámbrica basada en hardware embebido que soporte entornos gráficos de programación.

Abstract

The design and construction of an autonomous and wireless embedded hardware-based meteorological station were carried out that supports graphical programming environments that measure temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure; This was tested next to the ESPOCH station. It has a remote control panel and stores data on an FTP server to maintain a climatic history. The design was based on the meteorological variables choosing to be measured and the requirements of the station. The necessary hardware and software elements for data acquisition and processing were established, through the analysis of processing cards depending on the type of programming, parallel processing capacity and processing speed. The sensors analyzed portability, measurement range, signal processing complexity, resolution and cost. The photovoltaic power system was dimensioned based on a consumption of 33.12Wh and with an autonomy of 41 hours. The communication system is established via Wi-Fi. The project was designed to measure the variables based on the relationship between the variables, for which the LM35, HIH-4000 and Vaisala PTB110 sensors are used, respectively. The hardware used is the MyRIO1900 data acquisition card and its software programmed by LabVIEW 2018. The data obtained by the station designed with the EMA M1036 of the Instituto Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología (INAMHI) were evaluated by comparative analysis, and it was concluded that there is no difference between the data obtained by both stations. The system maintains the error of the temperature and humidity sensors, which are ± 1.4 ° C and ± 3.5% respectively. The total cost is $ 1104.15, being 30.62% of the value of an EMA with the same characteristics. It is recommended for future research to add sensors according to the type of study requirement or applicability.