Evaluación de los riesgos naturales y antrópicos en la comunidad Kichwa Centro Yuralpa de la Cuenca alta del Río Napo

Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the natural and anthropic risks at Centro Yuralpa, Kichwa community, located in the upper basin of Napo River, this was carried out applying the UNE 150008 standard; first, the natural and anthropic risks were identified, then the levels of natural and anthropic risks were evaluated, and finally a natural and anthropic risk prevention plan was implemented. To obtain information, it was necessary to apply surveys for the inhabitants of Yuralpa. With all the information collected and generated, an exhaustive processing and statistical analysis of the data was carried out using Microsoft Excel software. It was determined that the inhabitants of the area were not conscious about the meaning of environmental risk and the existence of environmental risks such as: landslides, floods and oil spills. Through the risk estimation matrix, it was possible to identify some natural, human and socio-economic components. As minor risks are: electrical power failure, physical-mental stress, solid waste management and volcanic eruptions. Moderate risks are: heavy rainfall, high environmental temperature, topographical faults, noise affecting the community, flood zone, river margin, alluvium Medium risks are: contamination from oil spills and inadequate liquid waste management. High risks are: landslides, sediment falling into bodies of water and floods affecting the community and finally deforestation, considered as a very high risk level. It is concluded that the UNE 150008 standard was adequate for the identification and assessment of natural and anthropic risks. It is recommended to carry out similar studies in order to expand the information on environmental risks Yuralpa has in order to prioritize the implementation of prevention and mitigation plans.