Obtención de una biopelícula a partir de dos variedades de cáscara de papa Superchola y Fripapa-99 (Solanum tuberosum) para el embalaje de alimentos

Abstract

The objective of this research project was to obtain a biofilm from two varieties of potato peel Superchola and Fripapa-99 (Solanum tuberosum) for packaging food. For this, it was divided into two stages: the first corresponding to the extraction of starch by means of a wet method, which consisted of several phases such as: selection and washing, weighing, peeling, chopping, liquefying, filtering, settling, decanting, drying, grinding, sieved and packed. This was followed by the proximal analysis of the starches acquired by means of established test methods. While for the second stage regarding the obtaining of the biofilm, the 2^2 factorial design was applied using the Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I program for the establishment of formulations. The characterization values of the extracted starches indicated good quality. In addition, the analysis of variance of the yield of the potato peel starch Superchola and Fripapa-99 determined that the factors: RPM and Crushing Time have a significant effect on the response variable. Even so, it is concluded that the best biofilm obtained with acceptable physical-chemical and mechanical characteristics and close to those set, was that of Biofilm Treatment 2 (TBP2) with a composition of 2.46% of Superchola potato peel starch, 2.46% of starch Fripapa-99 potato peel, 3.10% glycerin, 0.50% gelatin, 3.72% carboxymethylcellulose, 3.98% acetic acid and 83.78% water; this extended the useful life of the coated strawberry until day nine and it presented 100% biodegradability in the soil after 15 days. It is recommended to vary the percentage of glycerin in this formulation, to increase the maximum effort necessary, according to ASTM D-638 so that it can compete with low-density plastics such as polyethylene.