Análisis de lesiones en el conductor para impactos frontales, comparando bus interprovincial modelos Mercedes Benz (1723 con motor delantero y O5001830 con motor posterior), por simulación computacional

Abstract

This study aimed to compare and analyze the driver injuries produced in frontal impacts according to regulation N ° 94 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. The computer-aided design software of the Mercedes Benz bodies (1723 with front engine and O5001830 with rear engine) modeled two types of interprovincial buses. And a manikin specialized in data collection of critical injuries produced in the body human to perform the respective simulations in the LS-DYNA software. The elements SHELL and SOLID type in 2 dimensions implemented to set the mesh elements that comprise the buses, rigid barrier, and manikin allowed achieving an analog mesh, recommended by the software developer for valid meshing. The results showed that the structures of the buses, according to the disposition of the engine in tests at speeds of 25km/h the model 1723 was deformed in the front section 9.9 cm and 14.5 cm on the O5001830 model. That is the reason because the driver does not suffer serious injuries meeting the international standard. On the other hand, the tests subjected to a speed of 50km/h the model 1723 were deformed in the front section 52.3 cm and 58.8 cm in the O5001830 model thus, the Injury safety rules for driver’s rate are not acceptable. It is recommended that buses with stepped or self-supporting chassis be manufactured with reinforced conductor sections, which is implement new active and passive safety technologies to help protect the driver.