Diseño y construcción de un modular de refrigeración doméstica con variación de ciclo de carnot y ciclo invertido

Abstract

The purpose of this project is to build an equipment that provides a hot and cold source using the Carnot cycle from domestic refrigeration elements. The work environment was analyzed to pre-select the elements and their design, considering the criteria based on what was established by ASHRAE. The equipment has elements such as thermometers and pressure gauges for each point of the analysis, independent thermostats for each cycle, an ammeter which checks the operation of the compressor, indicative LEDs to show what type of test is carried out. Subsequently, the necessary calculations were carried out to find the loads in the air conditioning chamber, which will give the guideline for the selection of the compressor, its elements and refrigerant. Using the DWSIM software, the equipment was simulated to validate and compare the data obtained through the manual calculation of the system. With the verified data, the device was built, its structure was made of A36 steel, covered by melamine and steel sheet. The valves, pipes, and various elements necessary for their correct operation were assembled. Finally, the installation of the control panel and the sealing of the chamber were carried out. Through the different tests, it was verified that the camera works correctly, providing ambient temperatures that vary depending on the time of its operation, which can range from 2 ° C to 28 ° C. By comparing the results obtained, it is determined that the performance of the heat pump equipment (COP 4.24) is more efficient than when working as a refrigeration system (COP 3.25) because it takes better advantage of the heat provided by the compressor.