Estandarización de un protocolo para la propagación in vitro de Vaccinium corymbosum (arándano azul) empleando la técnica de inmersión temporal en biorreactores en el laboratorio de cultivo de tejidos vegetales LePlant de la ciudad de Ambato

Abstract

The aim of the current research was the standardization of a protocol for the blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) in vitro propagation at LePlant company. First of all, Temporary Immersion Systems in Bioreactors (TIS) were used in GL 80 square laboratory flasks, in which operation and contamination tests were carried out; then, twenty explants were put under two treatments, Treatment 1 (1min / 4h-250ml) and Treatment 2 (3min / 6h-300ml) during a twenty five-day period and three biological replications. Once the multiplication rate average values were obtained with the use of TIS, it was possible to compare these values in a statistical way with the ones reported by the company. At the end of the experimentation, the organic waste was put under a biological degradation through the use of vermicomposting. Then, with the use of RStudio software, it was possible to determine a significance level of 0.05 and a confidence of 95% regarding the effectiveness of Treatment 1 over Treatment 2 in terms of sprouts length, rate and multiplication coefficient, this reflects that the frequency and Immersion time are directly proportional, it was also concluded that the multiplication rate of 3.4 obtained in the Temporary Immersion Systems, increased approximately twice the value of 1.8 registered in the company during the conventional in vitro process. With regard to the vermicompost chemical analysis, it presented a good C/N ratio as well as a high organic matter content, optimal for being used as substrate supplement. At the end of the experimentation, a protocol for the blueberry in vitro propagation was standardized with the use of the Temporary Immersion technique in Bioreactors where the lower volume, time and immersion frequency, the best absorption of nutrients guaranteeing a high multiplication rate. Thus, a further work with biological units from healthy crops is recommended.