Aplicación de tecnologías geoespaciales para estimación de áreas quemadas desde una perspectiva multitemporal en la provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The research proposed: apply geospatial technologies for estimate burned areas from a multitemporal perspective in Chimborazo Province; the supplies used were the product for burned areas of MODIS called MCD64A1, which determines burned areas greater than or equal to 25 hectares and their date of occurrence. For the delimitation of the area of affectation and severity of each fire, Landsat8 and Sentinel2 images were used. The pre and post processing is done through the QGIS3.4 program, which is a professional GIS application that is built on free and open source software. As a result of the analysis and processing of the satellite product MCD64A1 a total of 52 pixels were identified that showed burning in the province of Chimborazo between 2015 and 2018, with which we determined a total of 10 wildfires with a total area of 2760.59 hectares. The year 2015 is the one with the most forest fires with a total of 5 events. The Colta Canton is the one with the highest recurrence of forest fires with a total of 4 events, of which 3 were registered in the Juan de Velazco Parish The most affected plant cover for forest fires was the wasteland with an area of affectation of 2115.04 hectares, followed by forest plantations (167.03 ha), agricultural land (126.54 ha), shrub vegetation (62.51 ha), and native forest (12.46 ha). The present research demonstrated that the application of geospatial technologies is an effective and practical resource for the management of areas affected by forest fires since the supplies used are free and free download.