Optimización del proceso de elaboración de las láminas para autopartes en fibra de vidrio reforzadas con Woven Roving 800 en la Fábrica Master Fibra ubicada en Ambato.

Abstract

This study aimed to optimise the current process of manufacturing sheets for auto parts in glass pound at the “Fábrica Master Fibra”, which uses only fibre Mat (FVM), adding the Woven Roving 800 (FWR) pound with different configurations and orientations of laminate. Test tubes were manufactured with the current laminate: LA (FVM + FVM + FVM) and with the proposed laminates: LP1 (FVM + FWR (0°/90°) + FVM), LP2 (FVM + FWR (0°/90°) + FWR (0°/90°) + FVM) and LP3 (FVM + FWR (0°/90°) + FWR (±45°) + FVM), through the process of manual lamination. Subsequently, they were evaluated with a technological test, based on aspects of manufacturing and mechanical tests of flexion, traction, hardness and impact under the corresponding ASTM D regulations. The ANOVA statistical method was applied with the results of the mechanical characterisation with 95% confidence and 5% error to know whether or not there were statistically significant differences between the averages of the laminates. With the statistical analysis, it was evident that all the laminates proposed showed the same and even better results than the LA, however among them, it was the LP2 which presented better advantages in its design and mechanical characteristics, thus achieving the same resistance to bending, an increase of 113% of tensile stress, an increase of 89% in its ability to deform, 1.1% hardness, 271% in the breaking energy and 323% more resistant to impact to LA. It concluded that the LP2 optimised the rolling process, varying from 30% fiber - 70% resin to 40% - 60% respectfully, so it is viable in terms of quality and production costs. The recommendation for “Master Fibra” is to add the FWR to its laminate configuration in the manufacture of auto parts because materials with excellent mechanical performance are obtained with an economic saving of approximately 4.25% compared to LA.