Diseño e implementación de un prototipo para el barrido, análisis superficial y caracterización de suelos áridos y húmedos sin vegetación mediante tecnología SDRADAR.

Abstract

The purpose of the present degree work was to carry out a sweep, surface analysis and characterisation of arid and humid soils without vegetation using SDRADAR technology, selecting the appropriate software and hardware for the design of the sample processing in each of the fields of study. Through bibliographic research, the technical, theoretical and practical requirements to support the work of titration and use of the inductive method with field and laboratory work for a correct soil characterisation were analysed. The purpose of the degree work was to obtain an alternative way to perform soil analysis in a non-invasive manner in a field, through the implementation of a prototype using SDRADAR technology, contrary to conventional methods which require extracting a soil sample, with the possibility of damaging the terrain from which it was extracted for which an FMCW transmitted signal was used with a cut off frequency of 2.4 and 2.45 GHz directed towards the soil surface with normal incidence, using the USRP-2932 card, implemented in a radiant system composed of the use of antennas and a UAV-Matrice 600, for a total sweep of the area in each terrain on the premises of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH). The signals transmitted and received through LabVIEW and MATLAB, were processed to obtain the relative permittivity value based on the reflection coefficient, said relative permittivity value is within the range of each terrain. The results of each land are validated with a traditional physical-chemical analysis demonstrating a validity to the use of a non-invasive method in soil characterisation, with SDRADAR technology. For future researches, the possibility of carrying out a more extensive study with different types of soils and notice the characteristics they have.