Determinación de la factibilidad del aumento del poder calorífico de un biocombustible mediante la adición de nanopartículas de alofán.

Abstract

This degree work main aim was to determine the factibility from a rise on the Calorific Value of a biodiesel through allophane nanoparticles addition , from used cooking oil in an available prototype at the ESPOCH within Mechanical and Industrial Engineering School. For the research performance, a biodiesel production was carried out by transesterification and synthesis of allophane nanoparticles by controlled precipitation method. The Calorific Value test was performed under ASTM D-240 Standard obtaining 37.9543 [MJ / kg] in B100, 38.979 [MJ / kg] for B100 / 50ppm and 38.7077 [MJ / kg] for B100 / 100ppm. The emission of polluting gases was quantified using the Testo 340 equipment showing the amount of CO of 80 ppm in Premium Diesel, 20 ppm in B100 and 28 ppm in B30 / 50ppm, and the amount of NOx of 3.2 ppm in Premium Diesel, 2.1 in B100 and 1.6 ppm in B30 / 50ppm. In addition, it was determined that the appropriate mixture to use is B30 / 50ppm, since it is a light fuel (35 ° API), is 2% safer, and reduces CO emissions by 65% and NOx emissions by 50% to the atmosphere compared to Premium Diesel. For future biodiesel productions, in this prototype is recommended to consider the appropriate quantity (liters) and speed (rpm) parameters to obtain better results in the transesterification process.