Curtición de pieles de thunnus albacares atún con diferentes niveles de sulfato de aluminio.

Abstract

The tanning of tuna skins (Thunnus albacares) is carried out with an investigation in the skins Tanning Laboratory in the Faculty of Cattle Sciences, from the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo, through the use of different levels ( 7%, 8% and 9%), of aluminum sulphate and physical resistance (tension elongation, and lastometry) was evaluated in addition to the sensory evaluation (fullness, softness, and touch). For the evaluation 15 skins distributed in five repetitions were used with a lapse of two days for each experimental unit of a tuna skin distributed under a completely Random design. The results were analyzed by means of an analysis of variance (ADEVA) and separation of means by Duncan's statistical test. The results indicated that the physical resistances of the tuna leather are greater when being tanned with 9% of aluminum sulphate because of the flexion (513.2 cycles) and percentage of elongation (79%) exceed the quality requirements of international entities such as the rules of the International Physical Testing Commission (IUP). The lastometry that is the resistance to the rubbing of the skin causing its breaking off, in the leathers of tuna were not affected statistically by effect of the levels of sulphate of aluminum registering values between 6.70 and 8.11 mm that comply the norm of International Physical Testing Commission (IUP). The sensory ratings of tuna leather are higher when tanning with 7% aluminum sulfate in softness, and touch (5 points), while in fullness it was reached with the level 9% are the highest ones, this is, the material is very soft with high fall and very pleasant to the touch. The benefit-cost relationship was higher when using 9% aluminum sulfate because it achieved a profitability of 30% and a production cost per foot of $ 1.79. It is recommended to spread the results obtained from the tanning of tuna skins with aluminum sulphate, in order to encourage the fishing sector to talk about these skins for industrial use.