Obtención de cuero craketh utilizando diferentes niveles de cera de abeja en combinación con cera carnauba en el acabado de cueros caprinos.

Abstract

The obtaining process of craketh leather is evaluid using different levels of beeswax in combination with carnauba wax in the goatskin finished leather (Capra aegagrus hircus), the experimental units that formed the experimental work were 18 goat skins, under a completely desing random model, the experimental methodology was comprised in the determination of the physical variables tension, elongation, abrasion to the rub with the laboratory equipment and the sensory variables were determined along with the help of a qualified judge in the tannery laboratory of the faculty of Animal Sciences at the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The best results gathered in the progress indicate that the physical tensile strengths (853.76 N / cm2), and dry rubbing (168.33 cycles), of the goat leather. It was determined when applying craketh 200 g, of beeswax treatment 1 (T1), where it was possible to meet the quality requirements that are issued by the Spanish Association in the Leather Industry, in each of the technical standards that run the tests used, meanwhile the highest percentage of elongation (100.83% ) is achieved by using higher levels of beeswax T3 (600 g). The best sensory quality of softness (4.17 points), craketh effect (4.50 points) and tact (4.67 points), wich is achieved by using 200 grams of beeswax (T1), where it was affirmed that its acceptance in the market was increased. The production costs were on average of $ 1.74 US dollars and when marketed according to its classification, the highest cost benefit is obtained when using the T3 treatment of 1.28, that is to say that for every dollar invested a return of 28% is espected, which it is encouraging in leather production industry. It is recommend to apply the finished goat leather of 200g of beeswax craketh type (T1), to achieve a consistent physical and sensory high quality material with natural grain beauty that allows positioning an competing with products from more demanding markets.