Optimización del proceso de trillado de quinua, cebada, avena y trigo, mediante el rediseño de la máquina trilladora multigrano Made T2100 para los productores vinculados a las exportadoras de quinua nativa orgánica de la provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The objective of the present thesis project was to optimize the quinoa, barley, oats and wheat threshing process, through the redesign of the MADE T2100 multigrain threshing machine for the producers linked to the native organic quinoa exporting companies from Chimborazo Province. By means of a preliminary field study, it was determined that the threshing process performed by the machine is deficient, since it only processes one quintal of grain per hour, in addition the product contains mostly straw residues. Through a technical analysis, the causes that prevent obtaining clean grains were determined and they are: badly designed threshing and concave roller, low fan air flow, deficient sifting system, and chassis instability. The thresher redesign and construction was carried out, in which the elements described above were modified. Through the mechanical design software ANSYS the analysis of the structure of the chassis was carried out, in order to guarantee the resistance that the machine will support, emphasizing the critical points, a static and dynamic safety factor Fs greater than 1 was obtained. Which guarantees its correct operation, it is concluded that the thresher supports the static load generated by the weight of its components and the dynamic load at the time of threshing, the load analysis in the axes was carried out in the educational software for Mechanics of materials MD Solids. The drawings of the machine were designed in the SOLIDWORKS free student software. The improvement achieved was evaluated through the redesign of the threshing machine and the productivity was increased from 1 quintal / hour to 5 quintals / hour, that is to say an increase of 4 times in comparison to the previous thing, additionally a process diagram was established, a maintenance manual, in the recommendations, safety parameters were added, which guarantees a correct operation of the machine and safety for the operators in the threshing process.