Optimización del prototipo de arado de disco aplicando la norma ISO 25119 para mejorar el rendimiento, seguridad y ergonomía del motocultor YTO DF 15L del MAGAP de Chimborazo.

Abstract

With the current work, a disc plow prototype was optimized for the YTO FD 15 L walking tractor wich belongs to the “Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Acuacultura y Pesca” (MAGAP). The aim was to improce work quality by improving the soil movement for the different sowings and to diminish the effort of the farmers. Thus, the methodology used was the analytical, bibliographic, field tests and comparative research. The disc plow is a mechanism whose work is to turn the land with a specific depth getting as a result arable ground. The study of the mentioned plow was made through the use of different test such as: abrasion, spectrometry, microstructure, hardness and impact test. Therefore, to identify if it is suitable for agricultural use taking into account parameters specified by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). After that, field test weere conducted to determine the máximum efficiency of the tool in two types of soil and determine the wear suffered in different solils. For the redesign current standards were used to achieve maximum safety, ergonomics and efficiency of the disc plow. The feasibility was demonstrated by finite elements, the effort they produce at the momento of the plow and its safety factor that gives reliability. The prototype was improved whith the implementation of disc cleaners since many debris were accumulated at the time of the plow. A vertical adjustable T-shaped coupling mechanism was designed to reduce vibratons and this also helps to regulate the penetration of the disc plow to the soil depending on the type of land and the need for plwing depth. It was decided to designa n effective coupling to make it easier to fit the disc plow to the walking tractor because there were many problems in that aspect.