Determinación de la capacidad coagulante del extracto obtenido de la semilla de Tamarindus indica en el tratamiento de lixiviados.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the coagulant capacity of the natural extract obtained from the tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica), in the treatment of leachates, in order to mitigate the problems of pollution that is generated due to discharges in fresh water bodies. To do this, a spot sampling of the leachate pool of Riobamba Sanitary Landfill was carried out, which was transported to the Water Quality Laboratory for its respective analysis, obtaining parameters such as Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, turbidity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); 12.41 mS / cm; 5.76 g / L, 8.17; 967.67 NTU; 378.00 mg / L and 1960 mg / L respectively. Then the natural coagulant was extracted in the form of phenols from the seeds of Tamarindus indica, obtaining a 1.69% of these expressed in grams of gallic acid per grams of tamarind, it is known that tannins have the tendency to form bonds between particles; in aqueous medium and have tendency to precipitate. After the extraction of the coagulant with the help of the jar test, the best dosage was established starting from the proposed treatments showing that the natural coagulant reacted with the leachate sample, where the physicochemical control parameters Total Dissolved Solids, BOD and COD are above the maximum permissible limits; 2.82g / L, 211mg / L and 1214 mg / L respectively; the pH is within the range of the permissible limits with a value of 8.17 at the time of adding the natural coagulant of 100% of concentration and volume of 15 mL in 1 liter of leachate. A removal percentage of 53.23% and 51.10% in conductivity and TDS respectively were also observed. It is recommended to do a pre-treatment to the leachates for better removal results of the parameters mentioned above.