Estrategias de desarrollo local bajo el enfoque de Biocomercio para el aprovechamiento sostenible de la vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), en la Reserva de Producción de Fauna Chimborazo.

Abstract

The objetive of this research was to identify sustainable development strategies with an approach of Biotrade for the use of the vicuña species (Vicugna vicugna) due to the limited development opportunities of the communities related to the Protected Area Fauna Chimborazo Production Reserve. Through the collection and analysis of documentary and field information were evaluated the successful experiences of the initiatives that use biodiversity in Latin America and Ecuador and it is established that the vicuña after 30 years of conservation and management can be used in a sustainable manner to benefit of the Andean population through the development of 2 productive sectors; the use of fiber for the textile industry and the species for the development of sustainable tourism. The application and fulfillment of 6 identified strategies and 22 evaluation variables under the BioTrade approach allow achieving sustainability; in the environmental field through fulfillment of work plans, good environmental practices and the development of local capacities, it is guaranteed the conservation of the livestock, in the social sustainability is required the strengthening of the organizational systems at enterprise level respecting their rights and the ancestral knowledge; and in order to achieve economic sustainability is important to generate livelihoods such as the use of fiber for the production of certified textiles, as well as community tourism articulated to the conservation of vicuña by offering differentiated products.