Implementación de un sistema de seguridad al frenado, en una unidad de carga muy liviana para reducir la distancia de frenado, ante el riesgo de accidentes en situaciones de emergencia.

Abstract

In the present Project, the design, construction and implementation of a braking safety system was carried out in very light load units to incorporate an inertia brake mechanism to the very light load unit. Initially, a study was developed to the producers of this type of vehicle in the locality, obtaining as a result, that there is no type of assistance device that controls the braking in the light load unit (trailer) of up 750 kg including the trailer weight. The implementation of this security system was carried out because the light load units are in greater growth since they are used by people, who do not have a suitable vehicle for transport of cargo, these units are used for the transport of goods or turn as food trailers. This type of device was used to safeguard the transport safety of these vehicles since, without their use, it increases the probability of suffering an accident and in addition to faults in the tractor vehicle. The cost benefit of the implementation of the system is 90% less in relation to suffer an accident with human losses. The reduction in the braking distance is 49,83 %, at the maximum speed of circulation (70 km/h), for a vehicle lowing a trailer, and with maximum load of 500 kg. With a load of 250 kg and at 70 km/h the reduction is 50,12 % and without load on the trailer is 49,94 %. Which gave an average of 49,96 % reduction in braking distance with the use of this braking safety device implemented in the very light load unit. The design and implementation of the braking safety system in the trailers, according to the studies carried out, are adequate according to the requirements of regulation Nº 13 of the European Union, in the reduction of the braking distance and hot efficiency of the brakes in emergency conditions. The research suggests improving the operation of the system with electronic assistance and the incorporation of the ABS system for trailers.