Caracterización de bacterias halófilas de la mina de sal en la parroquia Salinas del cantón Guaranda.

Abstract

It was characterized weak and moderate halophilic bacterial strains, from the Salt Mine located in the Salinas parish, Guaranda canton. Three sampling points were chosen, one point open and two closed according to the availability of water in the holes. Water samples were inoculated in situ and ex-situ in nutrient medium Tripteína Soya Caldo (TSB) and Tripteína Soya Agar (TSA) with different concentrations of NaCl: 1, 3, 10 and 15% (w / v). For the insulations, serial dilutions were made, sowing technique on the surface and by fluting, the samples were incubated at 30 °C under aerobic conditions. 125 bacterial strains were isolated, of these, 33 strains were selected which presented similar results in the macroscopic and microscopic observation tests, biochemical and enzymatic tests. As a result of these 33 strains, it was obtained that 75% corresponded to Gram-negative bacilli, 12% Gram-negative cocci and 12% Gram-positive cocci. Regarding enzymatic activity, 51% presented lipolytic activity, 30% proteolytic and 18% aminolytic activity. The results obtained show the possibility of the presence of genera such as Halomonas, Chromohalobacter, Marinobacter, Salinivibrio; Pseudomonas, Salinibacter Paracoccus, Salinococcus, and Staphylococcus. The evaluated salt mine has conductivity values greater than 70 000µS/cm, a condition that corresponds to a hypersaline environment, this would be linked to the growth of weak halophilic bacteria (1 to 3% NaCl) and moderate (3 to 15%, NaCl) becoming an important source of halophilic microbiological diversity in Ecuador´s Sierra.