Dimensionamiento de un sistema de tratamiento para las aguas residuales de la Hilandería Inter-Comunitaria en la Parroquia Salinas Cantón Guaranda.

Abstract

The objective of the present degree work is to investigate the sewage water to Inter-community Spinning Mill in Salinas, Guaranda canton. Whit the purpose of reducing the polluting of its effluents and the compliance with the permissible limits established by the environmental authority of Ecuador. The process was carried out in three complementary phases; in the first phase of development, the sewage water discharges were determined during the months of June and July of 2017, later the characterization was made in the Quality Control Laboratory of the Public Company – Municipal Water and Sewerage Company – Guaranda (PC-MWSC-G) for its subsequent analysis, where parameters outside the permissible limits were obtained, being these: pH, suspended solids, oils and fats, barium, total boron, zinc, chlorides, copper, hexavalent chromium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, nickel, total nitrogen, surfactant, BOD5, COD, Fecal C. The second stage consisted in carrying out treatability tests in order to identify the efficiency of the purification processes, for a flow rate of 21.5L/s and a biodegradability index of 0.17; parameters that were used to choose the appropriate processes. Later in the third stage, unit operations were dimensioned: canal, grids, grease trap, conventional desander, coagulation tank, primary sedimentation tank, filters, drying beds and disinfection tank; with which a 90% of removal contaminants was obtained, to come into effect with current environmental regulations and the company´s pollutant reduction goals. The immediate execution of the project is recommended in order to mitigate the environmental impacts caused by the discharges.