Evaluación de la actividad antiinflamatoria de extractos acuosos combinados de Ilex guayusa (Loes), Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) y Theobroma cacao (Linneo) en modelo animal Rata (Rattus norvegicus).

Abstract

This research work aimed at evaluating anti-inflammatory activity of combined aqueous extracts of Ilex guayusa, Vernonanthura patens, and Theobroma cacao for which rats were used (Rattus norvegicus) in which edema in the plantar aponeurosis on the left foot was induced with the use of carrageenan at 1% in saline solution at 0,9%. Twenty-one rats were tested, male and female split into seven groups; two females and a male within each group weighing between 160-210 g. It was tested the activity of four combined extracts. Combination 1 (Ilex guayusa, Vernonanthura patens, and Theobroma cacao) was assessed in two doses (100mg/kg and 300 mg/kg). The remaining combinations: Combination 2 (Ilex guayusa, Vernonanthura patens); Combination 3 (Ilex guayusa and Theobroma cacao) and Combination 4 (Vernonanthura patens and Theobroma cacao) were assessed in a dose of 200 mg/kg. Distilled water and positive control diclofenac sodium (150 mg/kg). Seven measurements were carried out from 30 minutes before the carrageenan-induced inflammation to 24 hours later. The quantification of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and total alkaloids was previously carried out. The results of the anti-inflammatory activity expressed as the diameter of inflammation were statistically analyzed through a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. It was concluded that the combinations had different effects, being Combination 1 the most effective, this was witnessed analyzing the percentages of inflammation 24 hours after induced the pathology. Combination 1 in doses 100 mg/kg almost equaled the diclofenac sodium effect but the dose of 300 mg/kg exceeded it. Combinations 2, 3 and 4 had a minor percentage. For this reason, it is recommended to assess Combination 1 activity at lower doses to 100 mg/kg and higher doses to 300 mg/kg.