Desarrollo, construcción y pruebas de un prototipo de prótesis automatizada (brazo izquierdo) por medio de sensores electromusculares

Abstract

The purpose of this project is to make a prototype of the left arm prosthesis, which recognizes the electrical impulses of the muscle so that it acts with its own intelligence, the prototype will be activated by muscle sensors, which will emit signals for the activation of the prosthesis. It is based on the concept that whenever a muscle in the body contracts or flexes, a small electrical signal is produced that is created by the chemical interaction in the body. This signal is very small, but the electro-muscular sensor manages to detect this electrical signal and convert it into a binary signal for the operation of the prosthesis. This signal will be the one that activates the servo motors that control the prosthesis. The prototype of the prosthesis will be modeled in the different CAD hadwares, where we will obtain approximate anthropometric measurements to the real ones and degrees of freedom of movement in more real articulations. The prototype is printed in 3D of the school in PLA material, because This material does not contain fossil fuel derivatives, therefore, it is not harmful to health. The printing parameters were selected according to the use of the elements, that is, the temperature and printing speed was made according to the parameters indicated for the PLA. At the same time the assembly of the whole structure was made and the movement mechanisms (servomotors, cables) were placed for the movement of the arm. For the construction of this prosthesis we will use the aforementioned, in addition, of cables that simulate the tendons and it should be emphasized, that for the support of the prosthesis in the arm a harness in the form of 8 is made. It concludes with satisfactory results in the tests made with the different grips of the prosthesis and in the fastening of this to the user. It is recommended that this prototype is still under study so that it can be used in a real case with a person who has lost his limb.