Perspectivas de las biorrefinerías y situación actual de los biocombustibles en Ecuador como país emergente.

Abstract

In the last 10 years ecuador has had an important development in the field of energy, from a reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels, as well as the incorporation of biomass in its primary energy matrix. So, bioenergy is involved in the post-petroleum era. The Ecuadorian government has shown interest in investigating and developing it in order to seek the transformation of an established hydrocarbon economy into a biomass-based economy. In this sense, this research shows the state of the art of biofuels in Ecuador that as an emerging country has great potential in biomass. The inclusion of this raw material in the energy market in Ecuador is also presented through an explanation of biorefineries, as well as raw materials, conversion routes and bioproducts that can be obtained from biomass. Subsequently, a revision of the current legislation, policies, programs and raw materials for the production of biofuels in Ecuador was carried out. Finally, the perspectives of biofuels in research, development and innovation are presented, as well as some pilot projects that are being carried out by the public and private sectors.