Evaluación de la huella de carbono de las principales fuentes de emisión de gases de efecto invernadero en el cantón Guano.

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the Carbon footprint of the main sources of Greenhouse gas emissions in canton Guano. The methodology was used according to the Greenhouse gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) that demonstrates the mechanism of quantification of the of Greenhouse Gases (GHG), distributing it in three scopes of implementation 1, 2 and 3, which recognizes emissions of direct, and indirect generation; and the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which establishes how to measure, manage and report GHG emissions. The results were collected by direct observation techniques, focus groups, depth interviews and semi-structured through community participation and documented research; And It was found that the vehicle fleet generated 85252, 35t CO₂ e, municipal solid waste 5650, 63t CO₂ e and the economic actors 403,98t CO₂ e, in the year 2015. It is concluded that the carbon footprint of Canton Guano is 91306, 97t CO₂ e, of which 93% correspond to the vehicle fleet being this sector the responsible of the greatest amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) due to the increase of private vehicles in the locality. It is recommended for future research projects to make the calculation of the carbon footprint with the total population using a representative sample of each parish of the canton and that the Ministry of Environment of Ecuador (MAE) work together with the municipal authorities to obtain proper values of the emission of factors of green house gases (GHG).