Frecuencia de cardiopatías congénitas en niños, diagnosticados por ecocardiografía en el Hospital General Puyo período 2014 - 2018

Abstract

Congenital heart diseases are illnesses that have structural and functional alterations of one or more of the cardiac Chambers, partitions or their valves, causing hemodynamic repercussions and that require an echocardiographic study for the damage determination. This research study aims to define the frequency of congenital heart diseases diagnosed by echocardiography in children aged 0-15 and their associations according to age, gender, and place of origin. The research is descriptive, transversal, not experimental, and retrospective; Information achieved from the patients database that underwent to the echocardiographic study at the outpatient Cardiology in the Puyo General Hospital. Within the results reported in this study we found that of the total of patients with congenital heart disease (258 cases) 99.2% correspond to the not cyanotic and 0.8% to the cyanotic; in relation to the genus 54.7% corresponds to males and 45.3% to the female; the commonest age group is less with 31.8% infant, followed by the preschool with 29.5%. Most of these congenital heart disease occur in the province of Tungurahua and Pastaza 139 cases (31.4%) and 72 cases (15.5%) respectively. Concluding this way that the results are similar to those reported in the literature; There is evidence that the largest number of congenital heart disease is in the Pastaza province, in patients in 1 month to 1 year old, it has a greater tendency for the male gender, being more prevalent the not cyanotic including communication atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect.