Síntesis de nanotubos de carbono de alto rendimiento mediante el control de parámetros físico-químicos.

Abstract

The objective of this research is to synthesize high-performance nanotubes by controlling PhysicalChemical parameters.For the synthesis the voltaic arc method was used, in which a equipment was elaborated that consists of a cylinder of 20 centimeters in diameter and 40 centimeters long manufactured in stainless steel A304, in its interior the graphites were impregnated which are supported on two plates, the same ones that were connected to a transformer, which generated three voltages with variable amperes 21.6-70, 22.4-90 and 30-250, the rear part of the cylinder consists of three outputs, the first two connected to the motor that generated vacuum and the third Argon gas, the graffiti heated up quickly generating a spark gap that created a plasma. The plasma formed is the sublimation of the graphite that when condensed was deposited in another allotropic form of carbon, once the arch was finished with the help of a spatula, the synthesized material was collected 27 tests were performed and the performance of each combination was calculated, the TUKEY test determined that the best combination is 30 Volts- 250 Amperes, 30 seconds, by means of Infrared Spectroscopy four representative peaks were observed corresponding to the hydroxyl group, methyl, alkene and to the carbon-hydrogen bond, by means of Ultraviolet- Visible, 2 wavelengths of 182 and 197 nanometers were determined and through the images of the Scanning Electron Microscopy, the material presented more or less spherical structures with parameters of 7 to 15 nanometers. The results obtained indicated that the diameter and morphology of the synthesized material are within the scale of the fullerenes. It is recommended that the inert atmosphere is formed by a mixture of gases, in which hydrogen is always present.