Análisis estadístico multivariante para el estudio de los factores que influyen en la producción del plátano en el Ecuador, periodo 2014-2016.

Abstract

The present investigation had the objective to identify the factors that influence plantain production (Musa AAB) in Ecuador during the period 2014-2016, general agronomic variables considered in the Survey of Surface and Continuous Agricultural Production (ESPAC, by its acronym in Spanish) were studied, the research was descriptive and causal correlational in scope because the factor analysis of mixed data (FAMD) and the multiple linear regression analysis with dummy variables (MLRADV) were applied, all this using the R statistical software version 3.4.2 with the help of the Excel 2016 spreadsheet. The study also used descriptive and bivariate statistical methods, where it was determined that the highest plantain production in the country is between 0.23 and 183 metric tons, on the other hand, the plantain production variable has a perfect positive linear relationship with the sales variable, a very strong positive linear relationship with the variables: planted surface, surface in productive age and harvested surface. With regard to the FAMD that allowed grouping the variables into two factors that influence plantain production, which the surface factor is formed by the variables: harvested surface, surface in productive age, planted surface and sales; the use and care factor is formed by the variables: use of phytosanitary products, use of chemical pesticide and use of chemical fertilizer. In addition, with regard to the MLRADV that was applied for the variables that make up the two factors that were determined in the FAMD, it allowed to determine that the variable (use of chemical fertilizer) that makes up the use and care factor is not significant on the dependent variable (plantain production), which allowed to execute a restricted model excluding this variable, the restricted model was able to explain 99.43% of the variability observed in plantain production.