Evaluación del material particulado de las terminales terrestres intercantonales e interprovincial de la ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

This research deals with the evaluation of the particulate matter of the intercantonal and interprovincial land terminal in Riobamba. To do so a baseline was elaborated which comprises information of each of the land terminals and count of the number of vehicles that circulate in each one of them, concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were recorded, this was done through the gravimetric method by means of a high flow sampler, sampling was carried out for twenty-four hours according to with the conditions stipulated by the Ecuadorian legislation and it was repeated for three days. The obtained results were compared with a completely randomized design (DCA) using an analysis of variance, the chi-square test and it was completed with a correlation analysis. The mean concentrations recorded in the interprovincial terminal land wereof 79.46 µg/m3 for PM10 and 46.03 µg/m3 para PM2.5, for the intercantonal terminal land were of 59.13 µg/m3 for PM10 and 40.9 µg/m3 para PM2.5, in the terminal land of La Dolorosa neighborhood were of 47.8 µg/m3 for PM10 and 36.09 µg/m3 para PM2.5, in Oriental land terminal were of 50.86 µg/m3 for PM10 and 44.18 µg/m3 para PM2.5, Neither of the terminal lands exceeded the maximum permissible limits which are of 100 µg/m3 for PM10 and 50 µg/m3 para PM2.5; the p-value obtained in the analysis of variance was of ≤ 0.05 for the two particle size thus there were significantly differences between their concentrations, this was corroborated by the chi-square analysis which determined that the concentration is associated with a correlation between the number of cars and the concentrations, since as the number of vehicles increase so do the concentrations.