Evaluación de patógenos de aguas residuales de 2 unidades hospitalarias de la Coordination Zonal 3 – Salud.

Abstract

The objective was analyzing pathogens in sewage in 2 hospitals of the zonal coordination 3- health. A physical-chemical analysis was generated in which some parameters like pH, conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, blur, color, BODs, CODs, a microbiological analysis by means of growth of spillage on plate for identification and quantification of bacteria such as: Escherichia Coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonellas spp. The quantification of microorganisms was done through the plate count method, later on, the microscopic analysis and description was done, Gram staining and biochemical tests, it was prepared an enrichment agar (blood) for the isolation of the colonies from which, a total of negative Gram Bacilli to 100% were identified, indicating the relevance of negative coccus Gram in sewage of those hospitals when performing the following identification biochemical tests. According to Alvarez, the Kliger test proves the capacity of bacteria to metabolize glucose and lactose; the SIM test, the capacity to degrade tryptophan to Indol; the citrate test the capacity to use this substance as unique source of carbon and lastly, the Urea test the capacity to split this substance through an alkalinisation process. A differentiation of bacteria species of the Enterobacteriaceae family was developed. The species found were the following families, Escherichia coli, (40%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, (10%) Enterobacter cloacae (0,1%) Shigella dysenteriae, (10%) Salmonella spp (30%) Staphylococcus aureus (10%), concluding so that the sewage coming from these hospitals contain a high percentage of toxicity, the treatment carried out in these institutions are not adequate, since the pathogens identified are resistant to certain antibiotics, and are flushed into the sewer in the cities and eventually to water basins that inhabitants use for different purposes.