Relación entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal y el estado nutricional en pacientes externos del Hospital Metropolitano. Quito 2017.

Abstract

With the objetive of determining the relationship between the percentage of body fat and the nutritional status determined by nutritional parameters: anthropometric, biochemical and dietary in outpatients who attend Executive Medical Checks of the Metropolitan Hospital of the city of Quito, a descriptive study was coducted and correlational with a sample consisting of 277 patients in the period from January to June 2017. An average age of 43 years was obtained, with predominance of females, as well as high and very high percentage of body fat with a 59,61 in men and 54,9% in women. The high abdominal perimeter was more frequent in women than in men with 47,4% respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia (60,3%), HDL cholesterol (56%) and high LDL cholesterol (53,1%) were the most frequent biochemical parameters altered. The comsumption of fat with 58,65% was more frequent in the masculine sex whereas in the feminine the consumption of fiber predominated with 72,26%. The nutritional status, presented a positive correlation with the increase in the percentage of body fat and the abdominal perimeter. The consumption of fat was positively related to the level of cholesterol and triglycerides. It was concluded that there is a predominance of patients with alterations in the nutritional status due to excess such as overweight and obesity, especially in women. There is a high and very high percentage of body fat, with a predominance of patients with high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Employ high fat consumption, in addition to body fat percentage, as a predictor of cardiovascular risk in adult patients, promote education plans aimed at improving lifestyles, eating habits and physical activity as a way to prevent chronic no transmisible diseases (ECNT).